{"best_oa_location":{"endpoint_id":null,"evidence":"deprecated","host_type":"publisher","is_best":true,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","oa_date":"2026-10-07","pmh_id":null,"repository_institution":null,"updated":"deprecated","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","url_for_landing_page":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","url_for_pdf":null,"version":"publishedVersion"},"data_standard":2,"doi":"10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","doi_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","first_oa_location":{"endpoint_id":null,"evidence":"deprecated","host_type":"publisher","is_best":true,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","oa_date":"2026-10-07","pmh_id":null,"repository_institution":null,"updated":"deprecated","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","url_for_landing_page":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","url_for_pdf":null,"version":"publishedVersion"},"genre":"journal-article","has_repository_copy":false,"is_oa":true,"is_paratext":false,"journal_is_in_doaj":false,"journal_is_oa":false,"journal_issn_l":"0028-0836","journal_issns":"0028-0836,1476-4687","journal_name":"Nature","oa_locations":[{"endpoint_id":null,"evidence":"deprecated","host_type":"publisher","is_best":true,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","oa_date":"2026-10-07","pmh_id":null,"repository_institution":null,"updated":"deprecated","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","url_for_landing_page":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11106-1","url_for_pdf":null,"version":"publishedVersion"}],"oa_locations_embargoed":[],"oa_status":"hybrid","published_date":"2026-10-07","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","title":"Prehistoric global migration of vanishing gut microbes with humans","updated":"2026-10-08T13:00:06Z","year":2026,"z_authors":[{"author_position":"first","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Matthew M. Carter"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Zhiru Liu"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Matthew R. Olm"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Melanie Martin"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Daniel D. Sprockett"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Parsa Ghadermazi"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Benjamin C. Trumble"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Economic Science Institute, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Hillard Kaplan"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Toulouse School of Economics, Toulouse, France"],"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Stieglitz"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Mayor de San Sim\u00f3n, Cochabamba, Bolivia"],"raw_author_name":"Daniel Eid Rodriguez"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA","Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA","Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"David A. Relman"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Erica D. Sonnenburg"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Michael Gurven"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":true,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA","Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Benjamin H. Good"},{"author_position":"last","is_corresponding":true,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA","Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA","Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Justin L. Sonnenburg"}]}