{"best_oa_location":{"endpoint_id":null,"evidence":"deprecated","host_type":"publisher","is_best":true,"license":"cc-by","oa_date":"2026-09-23","pmh_id":null,"repository_institution":null,"updated":"deprecated","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","url_for_landing_page":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","url_for_pdf":null,"version":"publishedVersion"},"data_standard":2,"doi":"10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","doi_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","first_oa_location":{"endpoint_id":null,"evidence":"deprecated","host_type":"publisher","is_best":true,"license":"cc-by","oa_date":"2026-09-23","pmh_id":null,"repository_institution":null,"updated":"deprecated","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","url_for_landing_page":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","url_for_pdf":null,"version":"publishedVersion"},"genre":"journal-article","has_repository_copy":false,"is_oa":true,"is_paratext":false,"journal_is_in_doaj":false,"journal_is_oa":false,"journal_issn_l":"0028-0836","journal_issns":"0028-0836,1476-4687","journal_name":"Nature","oa_locations":[{"endpoint_id":null,"evidence":"deprecated","host_type":"publisher","is_best":true,"license":"cc-by","oa_date":"2026-09-23","pmh_id":null,"repository_institution":null,"updated":"deprecated","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","url_for_landing_page":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-11058-6","url_for_pdf":null,"version":"publishedVersion"}],"oa_locations_embargoed":[],"oa_status":"hybrid","published_date":"2026-09-23","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","title":"The anthropogenic fingerprint on emerging infectious diseases","updated":"2026-09-24T08:11:37Z","year":2026,"z_authors":[{"author_position":"first","is_corresponding":true,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK"],"raw_author_name":"Rory Gibb"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":true,"raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa","Department of Geography, Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Sadie J. Ryan"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"David M. Pigott"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Maria del Pilar Fernandez"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"],"raw_author_name":"Renata L. Muylaert"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_author_name":"Gregory F. Albery"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Daniel J. Becker"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research (SEER) Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Jason K. Blackburn"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronom\u00eda, Campus Providencia, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_author_name":"Hernan Caceres-Escobar"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Michael Celone"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Evan A. Eskew"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Hannah K. Frank"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Barbara A. Han"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Erin N. Hulland"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK"],"raw_author_name":"Kate E. Jones"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Katz"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"],"raw_author_name":"Adam Kucharski"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_author_name":"Direk Limmathurotsakul"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Catherine A. Lippi"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_author_name":"Joshua Longbottom"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Integrated Earth System Information (CIESIN), Columbia Climate School, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Juan Fernando Martinez"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford School of Global and Area Studies, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","School of Geography and Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_author_name":"Jane P. Messina"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Elaine O. Nsoesie"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Science Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK"],"raw_author_name":"David W. Redding"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador","Research Group of Emerging and Neglected Diseases, Ecoepidemiology and Biodiversity, Health Science Faculty, Universidad Internacional SEK (UISEK), Quito, Ecuador"],"raw_author_name":"Daniel Romero-Alvarez"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Sciences, Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands"],"raw_author_name":"Boris V. Schmid"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Stephanie N. Seifert"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas Dr. Julio I. Maiztegui, Administraci\u00f3n Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Pergamino, Argentina"],"raw_author_name":"Anabel Sinchi"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["African Synthesis Centre for Climate Change, Environment and Development (ASCEND), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa","Climate Risk Lab, African Climate and Development Initiative, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_author_name":"Christopher H. Trisos"},{"author_position":"middle","is_corresponding":false,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Centre for Pathogen Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_author_name":"Michelle Wille"},{"author_position":"last","is_corresponding":true,"raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_author_name":"Colin J. Carlson"}]}